Objective To investigate the impact of electroacupuncture on behavior and the gut microbiome in chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） mouse model. Methods A total of 40 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly distributed into control group， electroacupuncture group， CUMS group and treatment group （CUMS + electroacupuncture）， with 10 mice in each group. CUMS group and CUMS + electroacupuncture group accepted CUMS modeling. After the completion of modeling， mice in the control group and CUMS group were given sham stimulation for 7 days， and mice in the electroacupuncture group and CUMS + electroacupuncture group were given 2/15 Hz， 1.0 mA electroacupuncture stimulation for 7 days. 24 hours after the last intervention， feces were collected and stored at -80℃. Sugar preference test， open field test and forced swimming test were conducted on mice. 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on the feces of four groups of mice. α diversity，β diversity analysis and Linear Discriminant analysis Effect Size （LEfSe） were carried out by Operational Taxonomic Units （OTU） information. Spearman correlation analysis of the correlation between the behavioral indicators of mice and the enrichment levels of different bacterial populations. Results The time of exploring the open field center area of CUMS group mice was shorter than that of the control group ［（22.058±4.148） s vs （37.864±4.407） s］， the sugar preference rate was lower than that of the control group ［（53.427±14.550）% vs （76.514±15.701）%］， and the forced swimming immobility time was longer than that of the control group ［（82.599±32.369） s vs （47.606±15.344） s］， the difference was statistically significant （P＜ 0.01）. The time of exploring the open field center area of CUMS + electroacupuncture group mice was longer than that of the CUMS group ［（30.604±6.060） s vs （22.058±4.148） s］， the sugar preference rate was higher than that of the CUMS group ［（72.731±13.933）% vs （53.427±14.550）%］， and the forced swimming immobility time was shorter than that of the CUMS group ［（53.633±17.933） s vs （82.599±32.369） s］， the difference was statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）. The number of OTU， ACE index and Chao index of intestinal flora in CUMS group were lower than those in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）， but there was no statistical significance in the difference between CUMS + electroacupuncture group and CUMS group （P＞0.05）. Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002， Lachnoclostridium and Rikenella ceae_RC9_gut_group were abundant in the CUMS group， which were positively correlated with depressive-like behavior （P＜ 0.05）. Phylum Actinobacteria and genus Rikenella， Dubosiella， Ileibacterium， Bifidobacterium and Allobaculum were enriched in the electroacupuncture group and CUMS + electroacupuncture groups， all of which were negatively correlated with depressive-like behaviors. Conclusions Electroacupuncture treatment can ameliorate depressive-like behavior and regulate the composition of gut microbiota in CUMS-treated mice.