Brain function protection has always been an important goal of neurosurgery for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. With the development of brain imaging technology and complex network theory， brain network analysis has been gradually applied in neurosurgery， striving to achieve more accurate preservation of neurological and cognitive function through the protection of brain network， so as to deepen the understanding of cerebrovascular diseases. We summarized the application of brain network analysis technology in cerebrovascular surgery in three directions， including helping to deepen the understanding of the symptom mechanism of cerebrovascular disease， assisting in preoperative evaluation of cerebrovascular disease， and assisting in the formulation of surgical plan of cerebrovascular disease. Driven by the rapid development of image scanning and brain network analysis technology， more systematic and detailed comprehensive protection of neural and cognitive functions has become the treatment target of cerebrovascular surgery.