Depressive disorder is a chronic mental disorder characterized by low mood， decreased interest and anhedonia. As one of the important social environmental factors， childhood traumatic experience increases the risk of depression in the future. It is important to study the relationship and mechanism between childhood traumatic experience and depression for the prevention and treatment of depression. Inflammatory reaction disorder may be one of the biological mechanisms of childhood traumatic experience leading to depression. This article reviews the inflammatory mechanism between childhood trauma and depression.