Objective To study characteristic of cognitive function of chronic schizophrenia patients with metabolic syndrome（MS）. Methods A total of two hundred and five chronic schizophrenic patients were enrolled in this study according to the criteria of CCMD-3. They were divided into metabolic syndrome group （MS group） （n= 92） and not metabolic syndrome group（NMS group） （n = 113）. Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated with the positive and negative syndrome scale（PANSS）,and sideeffects were assessed with treatment emergent symptom scale（TESS）. Cognitive function was evaluated with repeatable battery for the assessment of neuro--psychological status（RBANS）. Results No significant difference was shown between with and without MS in total and subscale score of PANSS and TESS score （P〉 0.05）. Total score, immediate memory, and delay memory subscale score of RBANS were markedly higher in MS group compared to NMS group （P 〈0.05）, but no significant difference was found in other subscales of RBANS between MS group and NMS group （ P 〉0.05）. Conclusions The chronic schizophrenia patients with MS may have more obvious cognitive deficits,especially in immediate memory and delay memory.