Objective To study the sleep quality and neurological function of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease（ ICVD） combined with restless legs syndrome（ RLS）. Methods The clinical data of patients with the first-found ICVD were collected and the RLS was diagnosed according to four basic diagnostic criteria set by the international RLS study group. Patients of ICVD combined with RLS were taken as case group and the ones without RLS were taken as control group. The sleep quality and neurologic function between patients in two groups were compared. Results Totals of 370 patients with acute ICVD were enrolled in this study. 45（12.12%） patients combined with RLS. The scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（ PSQI）， sleep quality， sleep efficiency， sleep disorder and use of hypnotic agents， and BMI and proportion of minorities were significantly higher in case group than in contro（l P＜ 0.05）. No significant differences were found in scores of the USA National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale（NIHSS）， Modified Rankin Scale（ mRS） and Barthel Index（ BI） between two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disorder and ethnics were risk factors of ICVD combined with RLS. Conclusions The prevalence of RLS is high in patients with ICVD. The patients with ICVD combined with RLS have poor sleep quality. Sleep disorder and ethnics are risk factors of ICVD combined with RLS.