Objective To analyze the difference of curative effect between oxcarbazepine and lithium carbonate in treating manic episode. Methods The differences of effective rate and symptom improvement were assessed by retrieving database， and a total of 10 items of research data about manic treatment with oxcarbazepine and lithium carbonate were analyzed. Results Through heterogeneity test（ χ2=1.89， df=9， P=0.98， I2=0%），by using the fixed effect model（ WMD=1.02， 95%CI=0.72-1.45，Z=0.10， P=0.92）， it suggested that there was no significant difference in the effective rate of oxcarbazepine and lithium carbonate in the treatment of mania. Through heterogeneity test（ χ2=177.15， df=32， P ＜ 0.01，I2=81.9%）， by using random effect model（ WMD= -0.03， 95%CI=-0.25-0.19，Z=0.26，P=0.79）， it suggested that there was no significant difference in symptom score of treating mania with oxcarbazepine and lithium carbonate. Conclusions The effect of oxcarbazepine and lithium carbonate may be similar in the treatment of mania.