Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical features of patients with tourette syndrome( TS) with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods This study included two parts, retrospective study and cross-sectional study. The demographic data and case characteristics of TS patients who were admitted to Anding Hospital and registered during 2005-2007 was reviewed. A cross-sectional survey of TS patients and their parents was conducted. Patients were assessed by clinicians for Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents( MINI-Kid), DSM-5 diagnostic assessment, and the Snowman Assessment Scale( Swanson Nolan and Palham Scale- Ⅳ, SNAP- Ⅳ) assessment. Parents complete the Conners Parents Symptom Questionnaire Assessment. The patients completed the Conners Self-rating Scale and the Child Self- Consciousness Scale Assessment. The clinicians evaluated the severity of tic symptoms using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale( YGTSS) and recorded whether they regularly treated TS and took ADHD medications. Results A total of 221 patients were included in the analysis, of which 138( 62.4%) were TS co-morbidities ADHD patients. There were statistically significant differences between TS co-morbid with ADHD patients and non-comorbid ADHD group in perinatal adverse events, age of onset, age at first diagnosis, first-time treatment, regular therapy and family history of mental illness. The severity of TS comorbid with ADHD was effected by perinatal adverse events, whether had the regular treatment, accepted ADHD drug treatment and family history of mental illness. The proportion of patients with overt symptoms who received ADHD was lower than those with mild symptoms. Conclusions The treatment effect of TS co-morbidities ADHD is related to perinatal adverse events, regular therapy, ADHD treatment and family history of mental illness.