Objectives To investigate the prevalence of depression and anxiety during the perinatal period and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 620 pregnancies at different stages of perinatal period were collected by convenience sampling method in Beijing from October 2017 to January 2018. All the subjects were surveyed by general information questionnaires， Patients' Health Questionnaire-9（ PHQ-9） and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7（ GAD-7） to analyze perinatal depression， anxiety and its influencing factors. Results In this study， the detection rate of depressive symptoms in perinatal period was 11.33%（ 68/600）， anxiety symptoms 23.83%（ 143/600）， and depression with anxiety 7.83%（ 47/600）. The detection rate of depressive symptoms in early， middle and late stage of pregnancy was 15.58%（ 12/77）， 10.26%（ 8/78）， and 4.0%（ 3/75） respectively， with no statistically significant difference（ P＞ 0.05）. The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 8.75%（ 14/160） and 14.76%（ 31/210） within 6 months and 6 months after delivery， with no statistically significant difference（ P＞0.05）. The detection rate of prenatal anxiety was 28.57%（ 22/77）， 23.08%（ 18/78） and 9.33%（ 7/75） respectively， and the difference was statistically significant（ P＜ 0.05）. Postpartum was 25.63% （41/160）， 26.19%（ 55/210）， and the difference was not statistically significant（ P＞ 0.05）. Logistic regression analysis found that the risk factors for depressive symptoms in perinatal period were not full-time（ OR：2.27， 95%CI：1.33-3.86，P＜ 0.01）. The risk factors of perinatal anxiety symptoms were monthly income lower than 5 000 yuan（ OR：1.60， 95%CI： 1.02-2.50，P＜0.05）， and non-full-time（ OR：1.85， 95%CI：1.15-2.97，P＜0.05）. Conclusions PHQ-9 and GAD-7 can effectively detect depression and anxiety symptoms in perinatal period. There is a certain proportion of depression and anxiety in pregnancy and postpartum. A common risk factor for perinatal depression and anxiety symptoms is job insecurity.