Objective To observe the expression of osteopontin（ OPN） in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage（ HICH） and its relationship with the brain edema， neurological impairment and clinical prognosis. Methods A total of 17 patients with HICH admitted to the medical intensive care unit of Neurology Department of Linyi People's Hospital were collected as observation group. The hematoma fluid was extracted through stereotactic soft-channel intracranial hematoma evacuation， and the peripheral blood was extracted simultaneously. The amount of hematoma and edema in the observation group were measured， and the preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale（ GCS） score， National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale（ NIHSS） score were evaluated. The modified Rankin Scale（ mRS） score were evaluated 3 months after operation. A total of 14 healthy people who took physical examination in Linyi People's Hospital were collected as control group， and the fasting peripheral blood was collected. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） was used to detect the levels of OPN in hematoma fluid and peripheral blood of observation group， and peripheral blood of control group. The relationship between the expression level of OPN and the brain edema， neurological impairment and clinical prognosis was analyzed. Results The level of OPN in hematoma fluid of observation group was higher than that in peripheral blood［（2 653.48±1 460.64） μg/L vs.（ 1 313.00±950.89） μg/L ］， the difference was statistically significant（ t=4.752，P ＜ 0.001）. There was no statistically significant difference in OPN level between the observation group and the control group［（1 313.00±950.89） μg/L vs.（ 923.44±284.73） μg/L； t=1.475，P=0.151］. The OPN levels of hematoma fluid in mild to moderate and severe neurological dysfunction groups were（ 1 708.87±1 227.78） μg/L and（ 3 716.16±846.08） μg/L respectively， and the difference was statistically significant（ t=3.872， P=0.002）. There was statistically significant difference in OPN level of among mild， moderate and severe disturbance of consciousness groups［（1 378.30±626.26） μg/L vs.（ 1 798.04± 1 518.76） μg/L vs.（ 3 507.14±1 000.53） μg/L； F=4.987，P=0.023］. There was significant difference in OPN level in hematoma fluid between small and large amount cerebral edema groups［（1 418.08±851.40） μg/L vs.（ 3 751.61±865.90） μg/L，t=5.590，P＜0.001］. The difference of OPN level in hematoma fluid between good prognosis group and poor prognosis group was statistically significant［（2 006.46±994.69） μg/L vs. （3 882.90±482.28） μg/L；t=4.232，P=0.001］. The OPN levels in hematoma fluid was positively correlated with edema volume（ r=0.616，P=0.008）， GCS score at onset（ r=0.491，P=0.045）， NIHSS score at onset（ r=0.491， P=0.046） and mRS score 3 months after operation（ r=0.581，P=0.029）. Conclusions OPN is correlated with the severity and prognosis of HICH patients， and the higher the OPN level in hematoma fluid is， the more serious the condition is， and the worse the prognosis is.