Neuropathic pain is often accompanied by emotional and cognitive disorders， but its internal mechanism is not clear. The behavioral and functional changes of chronic constriction injury （CCI） model and spared nerve injury （SNI） model are more similar to clinical neuropathic pain symptoms， and can induce late pain neuropsychiatric disorders （anxiety-like， depression-like behaviors and cognitive impairments）. Thus， CCI and SNI rats or mice model often be used in the study of cognitive function of neuropathic pain. This review will introduce the characteristics of two animal models and summarize their application and research progress of the cognitive function of neuropathic pain， in order to provide help for the study of pathological mechanism and intervention of cognitive function changing of neuropathic pain