Abstract:Objective To explore the value of eye movement analysis in screening mild cognitive impairment（ MCI）. Methods Databases like Pubmed， Embase， Cochrane Library， EBSCO， OVID， ChineseBiomedical Literature（ CBM），CNKI， Wanfang and VIP were systemically searched for diagnostic trial of eye-tracking in screening patients with mild cognitive impairment published before March 2020. The NOS quality evaluation tool was used to evaluate the quality of the literatures that met the inclusion criteria. The relevant data of research characteristics and eye movement indexes（ saccade reaction time and saccade error rate） were extracted and analyzed by RevMan5.3 Meta analysis software. Results Finally， 6diagnostic trials involving 514 cases were included， among which 219 were diagnosed as MCI by Petersen creteria. The MD and 95%CI of antisaccade（ gap paradigm） reaction time（ AST gap Rt） in 6 studies was 23.37，（4.51-42.22）. The MD and 95%CI of antisaccade（ gap paradigm） error rate in 4 studies was 15.50，（14.99-16.01）. The difference between the MCI group and the control group was statistically significant（ P＜ 0.001）. The MD and 95%CI of prosaccade（ gap paradigm） reaction time in 2 studies was 13.68，（-8.88-36.25）， with no statistical difference between the two groups（ P=0.230）. Conclusions Theeye movement indexes， such as antisaccade reaction time and antisaccade error rate， can be used to distinguish MCI patients and normal subjects，while the prosaccade reaction time has little significance for screening MCI patients.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the levels of serum superoxide dismutase（ SOD）， catalase assay kit（ CAT） and total antioxidant capacity（ TAOC）， and neurocognitive function in male patients with deficit schizophrenia（ DS）， and their correlation analysis. Methods In this cross-sectional study， there were 48 DS patients， 48 NDS（ non-deficit schizophrenia） patients and 48 healthy controls（ HC） with matched issue age and education background. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） was used to detect the levels of SOD， CAT and TAOC in the three groups. The neurocognitive function of all subjects was evaluated by digit erasure test， category fluency test， spatial span test（ SST）， connection test（ TMT）， Stroop test， and paced auditory serial addition test（ PASAT）. The correlation between serum SOD， CAT， TAOC and neurocognitive function was analyzed. Results The differences in serum SOD［ （10.47±2.40），（ 11.65±2.37），（ 13.43±1.62） U/ml］， TAOC ［（0.95±0.14），（ 1.05±0.13），（ 1.17±0.11） mmol/L］， CAT［ （14.14±4.37），（ 20.19±6.89），（ 23.55±7.28） U/ml］ among the three groups were statistically significant（ F=22.775， 35.648， 19.860； all P＜0.001）. The levels of SOD， TAOC， and CAT in DS group and NDS group were lower than those in HC group， and the DS group is the lowest. There were statistically significant differences（ all P＜0.001） among DS group， NDS group and HC group in number elimination（ time required）， category（ action， total score）， space（ anterograde， total score）， TMT-A， TMT-B， Stoop（ word， color， color word）， and PASAT（ correct， try）. DS group and NDS group were lower than HC group， especially the DS group. The levels of digital deletion（ number of omitted scratches）， category （animal） and spatial breadth（ retrograde） between DS group and NDS group were lower than those of HC group， but the differences between the two patient groups were not statistically significant（ all P＜ 0.001）. There was no statistically significant difference between NDS group， DS group， and HC group（ P=0.256；P=0.109）， while there was a statistically significant difference between DS group and HC group（ P＜0.05 or 0.01）. The levels of CAT and SOD in DS group were negatively correlated with the number of errors（ r=-0.334，P=0.020； r=-0.377， P=0.008）. SOD level was positively correlated with category（ action）（ r=0.299，P=0.039） in NDS group； TAOC level was positively correlated with Stoop（ color word）（ r=0.310，P=0.032） in NDS group. Conclusions There are oxidative stress imbalance and neurocognitive impairment in deficit schizophrenic patients. Oxidative stress may be a potential neurobiological factor leading to the pathological mechanism and neurocognitive impairment of schizophrenia.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the impact of paroxetine（ Par） on the compositions of sphingomyelin（ SM） and ceramide（ Cer） in prefrontal cortex（ PFC） of rats with chronic unpredictable stress （CUS）. Methods A total of 21 SD rats were randomly divided into control group（ Sham）， model group（ CUS） and paroxetine group（ Par）， with 7 rats in each group. CUS group and Par group received CUS and then received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline（ 1 ml/kg） or paroxetine（ 10 mg/kg） for 7 consecutive days； rats in Sham group only received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline at the same time. Then rats were killed and the PFC was isolated for lipomics analysis. The relative concentrations of total SM and Cer as well as the different small molecules in the PFC of each group were compared. Results The relative abundance multiple of SM in CUS group was（ 0.73±0.16）， which was significantly lower than that in Sham group（ 1.02±0.08） and Par group（ 0.89±0.05）（ all P＜0.05）； the relative abundance multiple of Cer in CUS group was（ 1.35±0.18）， which was significantly higher than that in Sham group（ 1.05±0.10） and Par group（ 1.14±0.11）（ all P＜0.05）； there was no significant difference in the relative abundance of SM and Cer between Sham and Par group （P ＞ 0.05）. Compared with Sham group， the relative abundances of 5 SM and 2 Cer molecules in CUS group were decreased， while the relative abundances of 1 SM and 5 Cer molecules were increased（ all P＜0.05）. Compared with Par group， the relative abundances of 2 SM molecules were decreased and 8 Cer molecules were increased in CUS group（ all P＜0.05）. The relative abundances of 1 SM and 2 Cer molecules were decreased and the relative abundances of 1 SM and 6 Cer molecules were in creased in Sham group （all P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusions The level of SM was decreased while the level of Cer was increased in prefrontal cortex of CUS model rats， which can be improved by paroxetine intervention.

Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation of childhood abuse and plasma leptin in patients with major depression disorder with psychotic features. Methods A total of 150 eligible patients with major depression disorder were selected. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire（CTQ），Hamilton Depression Rating Scale（ HAMD-24） and Symptom Checklist 90（ SCL-90） was used to assess the child abuse status， the severity of depression and the severity of psychotic symptoms. According to the SCL-90 score， the patients were divided into study group（ 56 cases with psychotic symptoms） and control group（ 94 cases without psychotic symptoms）. The plasma leptin level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA）. Results （1）The age and the age of first onset of the study group were both lower than those of the control group［ （35.4±14.1） vs （41.8±12.4），t=2.76，P=0.005；25（20，36） vs 31（23，41），Z=2.531，P=0.011］. The difference of the proportion of each relationship between parents was statistically significant（ χ2=10.78，P=0.010）. The study group had the highest proportion of "emotionally poor"［ 44.6%（25/56）］， while the control group had the highest proportion of "emotionally average"［ 51.1%（48/94）］.（ 2）The total incidence of childhood abuse［ 48.2%（27/56） and 29.8%（ 28/94）］ and the incidence of emotional neglect［ 33.9%（ 19/56） and 19.1%（ 18/94）］ were significantly different between the two groups（ all P ＜ 0.05）. In both groups， emotional neglect was the most common， followed by physical neglect， and sexual abuse was the least common.（ 3）The plasma leptin level in the study group［ （4.685±2.462） μg/L］ was lower than that in the control group［ （6.860±3.972） μg/L；P ＜ 0.001］. Conclusions Childhood abuse and low plasma leptin level may be riskfactors of depression with psychotic symptoms.

Abstract:Antidepressant combined therapy strategy， that is， the use of two antidepressants at the same time， is a treatment option often used in clinic， especially with the significant improvement of the safety of the new generation of antidepressants. At present， the combination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and different antidepressants has been widely used in patients who do not respond to monotherapy. At the same time， in order to shorten the onset time and improve the cure rate， the combination therapy has also been applied to the initial or early treatment stage of depression. Combined treatment strategy benefits patients， but also has the risk of increasing adverse reactions. Therefore， it is necessary to further evaluate the benefits and risks of antidepressant combination therapy in different periods. This article reviews the clinical research of antidepressant combination therapy for depression， in order to provide reference for the combination therapy of depression.

Abstract:Depression is a common disease in psychiatric department， and has high incidence rate， high recurrence rate and high disability rate. Epidemiological investigation shows that depression is often accompanied by chronic pain， which may also lead to depression. In recent years， studies have further explored the mechanism related to the occurrence and development of depression and chronic pain from the perspective of gene polymorphism， which provides effective evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of depression with chronic pain. This paper aims to summarize the research progress on the correlation between depression with chronic pain and gene polymorphism in recent years.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the relationship between preoperative red blood cell distribution width（ RDW） and postoperative cognitive dysfunction（ POCD） in coronary artery bypass grafting（ CABG）. Methods The clinical data of 362 consecutive patients with coronary heart disease undergoing CABG were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into POCD group（ n=98） and non-POCD group（ n=264） according to the neuropsychological test 28 days after CABG. Demographic， past history， laboratory tests and perioperative data were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic（ ROC） curve was used to analyze the predictive value of preoperative RDW on POCD occurrence 28 days after CABG. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between RDW and POCD. Results The incidence of POCD 28 days after CABG was 27.1%（ 98 / 362）. RDW of patients with POCD was significantly higher than that of non-POCD patients［ （17.46±0.25） % vs（. 13.28±0.43） %，t=11.814，P＜0.001］. The area under ROC curve of RDW was 0.837， and the sensitivity and specificity were 82.7% and 64.8% respectively. High preoperative RDW（ OR=2.526， 95%CI：1.336-4.776，P ＜ 0.001）， presence of aortic atherosclerotic plaque（ OR=1.461，95%CI：1.064-2.007，P=0.037）， history of cerebrovascular disease（ OR=2.874， 95%CI： 1.683-4.908，P＜0.001）， high fasting blood glucose level（ OR=1.196，95%CI： 1.078-1.327，P=0.041）， high sensitivity C-reactive protein（ OR=1.267，95%CI：1.029-1.560，P=0.024） and long operation time（ OR=2.123，95%CI： 1.671-2.696，P=0.001） were independent risk factors for POCD. Conclusions The increase of RDW before CABG is a risk factor for POCD 28 days after CABG， and can be used as a predictor.

Abstract:Objective To explore the risk factors of acute ischemic stroke-associated pneumonia （SAP） and try to construct its predictive scoring model. Methods A total of 212 patients with acute ischemic strokeadmitted to the Neurology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2020 to May 2020 were retrospectively enrolled（ all patients were admitted within 24 hours after onset）， including 36 cases of SAP and 176 cases of non-SAP. The incidence rate of SAP was 17.0%. The clinical data were collected through the hospital medical record system. Univariate analysis was carried out firstly， and then multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the independent risk factors. According to their respective regression coefficients， scoring model was established for patients with acute ischemic stroke to predict the occurrence of SAP（ a new SAP scoring model）. By using the established new SAP scoring model， all the patients were scored， and the patients with acute ischemic stroke complicated with SAP were treated as the endpoint. The receiver operator characteristic（ ROC） curve was drawn by SPSS software to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of this predictive scoring model. Results （1） Univariate analysis results showedthatthere were statistically significant differences between SAP group and non-SAP groups in age， OCSP classification， prestroke mRS score， GCS score， NIHSS score， atrial fibrillation， heart failure， dysphagia， albumin， fasting blood glucose， leukocyte count， neutrophil count， lymphocyte count， and NLR（ all P＜0.05）.（ 2）Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that NIHSS score≥16（ OR=18.380， 95%CI：1.066-317.057）， heart failure（OR=24.371， 95%CI：2.358-251.878），dysphagia（OR=54.383，95%CI：6.503-454.760）， and NLR ＞ 6.82（OR=310.779， 95%CI：37.176-2 598.024）werethe risk factors of SAP for patients with acute ischemic stroke（ all P＜0.05）（. 3） The new SAP scoring model included four items： NIHSS score（ ≥16 scores 1；＜16 scores 0）， heart failure（ yes=1； no=0）， dysphagia（ yes=1.5； no=0） and NLR（ ＞6.82 scores 2； ≤ 6.82 scores 0）. The area under the plotted ROC curve（ AUC） was 0.966（ 95%CI： 0.921-1.000， P＜ 0.05）. The diagnostic boundary value corresponding to the curve was 1.25 points， corresponding sensitivity was 91.7% and specificity was 99.6%. Conclusions NIHSS score ≥ 16， heart failure， dysphagia， and NLR ＞ 6.82 were independent risk factors of SAP for patients with acute ischemic stroke（ within 24 hours of onset）. The established new SAP scoring model for patients with acute ischemic stroke（ within 24 hours of onset） has high accuracy in predicting their SAP occurrence. When the score ≥ 1.25 points， SAP may be alert to occur.

Abstract:Cognitive deficits severely affects the social functioning and quality of life of schizophrenia patients， and this core symptom is stable and persistent in different stages of schizophrenia. The study of the characteristics of cognitive dysfunction is helpful in exploring disease mechanisms， deepening the understanding of disease progression and providing targeted intervention strategies. This article provides an overview of the characteristics and mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.

Abstract:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ ADHD） is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children， which is characterized by inattention and hyperactivity. Studies at home and abroad have found that nutrition intervention can improve ADHD symptoms， and nutrition therapy as a new treatment method has attracted increasing attention. At present， there are relatively few related researches in China. The existing nutrition intervention methods at home and abroad are reviewed in this paper.

Abstract:Compulsive intervention mainly includes involuntary hospitalization， isolation， restraint， compulsory medication， etc. This is a widely discussed topic in the field of psychiatry. Clinical evidence shows that compulsive intervention not only provides patients with timely treatment and protects the safety of patients and others， but also brings patients with stress， anxiety， fear and other experiences. Many countries have made great efforts to reduce the use of compulsory intervention and improve the coercion experience of patients. This article reviews the types of psychotic compulsive intervention， as well as the influencing factors of coercive experience， together with their assessment tools， consequences and improvement measures. It tends to provide a reference for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies in the future.

Abstract:Autism spectrum disorder（ ASD） is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders， with unclear aetiology. The core symptoms of ASD are social disorder， repetitive behaviourand limited interest. Other symptoms include cognitive disorder， perceptual disorder， anxiety and depression. Sphingosine-1-phosphate （S1P） is a degradation product of ceramide， which is abundant in brain tissue and plays an important role in brain development， regulating neuronal proliferation， differentiation， survivaland apoptosis. Evidence has shown that S1P is significantly increased in the serum of ASD children， and it is related to the clinical phenotype. This article reviews the research progress on the relationship between S1P and ASD related clinical phenotypes in recent years.

Abstract:Minor ischemic stroke is characterized by high incidence and high recurrence rate. At present， its definition and therapy strategy are still controversial. Unreasonable therapy may lead to the progression of the disease， resulting in an increase in disability and mortality. In this paper， the research status of the definition and therapy strategies of minor ischemic stroke are reviewed in order to provide a more standardized， reasonable and individualized therapy for minor ischemic stroke in clinical practice.

Abstract:In recent years， the inflammatory hypothesis of depression has become a hotspot of research. More and more evidences show that the changes of inflammatory factors play an important role in the occurrence and development of depression.In addition， there are limitations to the effectiveness of current antidepressants， while adjuvant anti-inflammatory therapy has shown preliminary antidepressant effects in laboratory and clinical studies， even in treatment-resistant depression， which shows new hope for the current basis of depression and drug research.This review summarizes recent research on depression， inflammatory factors and adjuvant antiinflammatory therapy.